Aiming at the adoption of rules for good and transparent legislation that adheres to the rule of law, Article 74 paragraph 5 of the Constitution and Articles 87, 88 and 101, paragraph 5 of the Rules of Procedure of the Parliament stipulate that ministerial amendments to proposed bills must be submitted, at the latest, three days before the start of the debate in the Plenary or the relevant parliamentary committee, and prohibits amendments that are irrelevant to the main object of the bill.
The purpose of the above rules is to allow enough time for the proper legislative and consultation processes to be followed, allowing input both from MPs and from the public – of any regulation proposed by ministers in the form of amendments.
The prohibition of overdue amendments prevents the submission – shortly before the passage of the bill – of regulations that will inevitably escape the attention of the public sphere, resulting in a lack of transparency and accountability on issues that affect individual rights, public procurement and other issues that will influence the lives of millions of citizens.
The prohibition of irrelevant amendments, on the other hand, aims to focus the legislator’s attention on just one issue, because in this way public debate will be more substantial and focussed, but furthermore because the regulation of many different issues by one single bill inevitably leads to the fragmentation of legislation as well as cumbersome legislation that is not easy to apply.
However, the above rules were not followed in the voting process of law 5007/2022, which was passed on December 21, 2022. The bill came from the Ministry of Health. Four last minute amendments were tabled to this bill just the day before the vote was due to take place: one from the same Ministry, one from the Ministry of Finance, and two joint amendments cross cutting policy areas (1, 2).
The late amendments totalled 162 pages, which raises doubts as to whether MPs had time to study in depth the regulations they were asked to reject or accept within a few hours. The Parliament also failed to stamp the documents “OVERDUE”, which for the sake of transparency is the usual procedure with all last minute, overdue amendments.
It is worth noting that we have followed the most moderate parliamentary method for defining amendments as ‘overdue,’ and judged as such only those that were submitted on the day of or the day preceding the voting of the relevant bill. If we applied the letter of the law and considered as overdue the amendments that were not tabled at least three days before the beginning of the debate, then the number of overdue amendments submitted by the government in all of its legislative work would be much higher.
The amendments, with the exception of the one submitted by the Ministry of Health, were furthermore, in violation of the law and the rules of good legislation, irrelevant to the main subject of the bill.
In a state governed by the rule of law, the government and the parliament must produce laws in adherence to both the Constitution and the Rules of Procedure of the parliament, as well as the other rules that have been established to guarantee and promote good and transparent legislative practices. In this case, the government has violated the rules laid out in the Constitution for amendments, which on the one hand leads to laws that are unclear and difficult to use, and on the other hand shakes the trust of citizens in democracy and the rule of law.
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